Which variable in the regression equation is represented by 'x'?

In a regression equation, the variable represented by 'x' is the independent variable. This is the variable that researchers manipulate or control in order to examine its effect on the dependent variable, which is typically represented by 'y'. The independent variable is used to predict or explain changes in the dependent variable.

In the context of regression analysis, the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable is expressed through the regression equation, which commonly takes the form: y = mx + b, where 'm' represents the slope (or regression coefficient) and 'b' indicates the y-intercept (or regression constant). Understanding this distinction is crucial for interpreting regression results and analyzing how different factors influence an outcome.